1 Department of Advanced Medicine for Viral Infections, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
2 Department of Medical Subspecialties, Division of Infectious Diseases, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine and UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
4 Organ Transplantation Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
Received 19 March 2022. Revision received 11 August 2022.
Accepted 13 September 2022.
M.Y., A.F., M.K., and K.-I.I. contributed equally to this work.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
This study was supported by Child Health and Development grants 2019C-8.
M.Y., A.F., M.K., and K.-I.I. participated in the research design; M.Y., A.F., and S.S. participated in the writing of the article; A.F., S.S., H.U., Y.Y., Y.I., S.S., and M.K. participated in the performance of the research; and M.Y., M.O., and Y.I. participated in data analysis.
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Correspondence: Masaki Yamada, MD, Department of Advanced Medicine for Viral Infections, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan. ([email protected]).