1 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
2 Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
3 Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
4 Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
5 Transplant Research Institute, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN.
6 Department of Transplantation, Baylor Scott and White Health System, Temple, TX.
7 Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
8 Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Received 28 August 2019. Revision received 28 October 2019.
Accepted 6 November 2019.
Supplemental digital content (SDC) is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.transplantjournal.com).
M.N. has filed a European patent application for an mRNA-based biomarker for antibody-mediated transplant rejection (Application Number: EP19152365.3). J.F. and M.M.A. are consultants for Viracor–Eurofins. The other authors declare no other conflicts of interest.
Correspondence: Michael M. Abecassis, MD, MBA, Department of Surgery and Microbiology-Immunology, Division of Organ Transplantation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N St Clair, Suite 1900, Chicago, IL 60611. (michael.abecassis@nm.org).
