Mr. Kiritsy is Medical Student, and Dr. Siefferman is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, New York University and VA NY Harbor Healthcare System, 423 E. 23rd St #127, New York, NY 10010; E-mail [email protected].

The authors and all staff in a position to control the content of this CME activity have disclosed that they and their spouses/life partners (if any) have no financial relationships with, or financial interests in, any commercial companies pertaining to this educational activity.

CME Accreditation

Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

Lippincott Continuing Medical Education Institute, Inc., designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. To earn CME credit, you must read the CME article and complete the quiz and evaluation assessment survey on the enclosed form, answering at least 70% of the quiz questions correctly. This CME activity expires on March 30, 2017.

CNE Accreditation

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins is accredited as a provider of continuing nursing education by the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Commission on Accreditation. LWW, publisher of Topics in Pain Management, will award 1.5 contact hours for this continuing nursing education activity. This activity has been assigned 1.5 pharmacology credits. Instructions for earning ANCC contact hours are included on page 11 of the newsletter. This CNE activity expires on April 30, 2018.