Athletes who participate in contact sports (American football, soccer, rugby) or who are involved in high-impact sports (dancing, running, gymnastics) are susceptible to first ray forefoot injuries. Common first ray disorders in athletes include hallux rigidus, turf toe, sand toe, sesamoid disorders, and fractures. First ray disorders in athletes frequently are treated by nonoperative methods including relative rest, ice, elevation, activity modification, shoe modification, and insoles.
*Logan Hospital, Southside Health District, Meadowbrook, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
†Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Grand Itasca Clinic and Hospital, Grand Rapids, MN
‡Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, East Yorkshire, UK
No funding has been received from any source regarding this article.
Reprints: Aneel Nihal, MD, FRCS(Orth), MBBS, FRCSEd, Logan Hospital, Southside Health District, Meadowbrook, South Brisbane Queensland 4131, Australia (e-mail: aneelnihal2000@hotmail.com).
