In Brief:
This prospective, randomized, double-blinded controlled study demonstrated that intraoperative single-dose MDI with PCA morphine demonstrated significantly improved postoperative pain control and decreased amount of morphine consumption compared with PCA morphine alone after one or two levels of LSPSL. There were no significant differences of ODI, RMDQ, patient satisfaction, length of stay, and opioid-related side effects between both groups.