aDepartment of Orthopedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, New York Spine Institute, New York, NY
bDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopaedic Hospital, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
cDepartment of Orthopedics, Lenox Hill Hospital, Northwell Health, New York, NY
dDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
eDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI
fNorton Leatherman Spine Center, Louisville, KY
gDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
hDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University of St. Louis Medical Center, St. Louis, MO
iDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
jDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
kDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
lDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, UC Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA
mDepartment of Spine Surgery, Denver International Spine Center, Presbyterian St. Luke’s Medical Center/Rocky Mountain Hospital for Children, Denver, CO
nDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
oDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA
pDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
qDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Scripps Clinic, San Diego, CA
rDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI
sDepartment of Neurosurgery and Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Spine, Duke University, Durham, NC
tDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
The International Spine Study Group (ISSG) is funded through research grants from DePuy Synthes and individual donations.
The authors report no conflicts of interest.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Peter G. Passias, MD, Department of Orthopaedic and Neurological Surgery, Division of Spinal Surgery, New York Spine Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, Orthopaedic Hospital—NYU School of Medicine, 301 East 17th Street, New York, NY 10003; E-mail: [email protected]
