aDepartments of Orthopedic and Neurologic Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital; New York Spine Institute, New York, NY
bDepartment of Orthopedics, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY
cDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
dDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
eDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Swedish Neuroscience Institute, Seattle, WA
fDepartment of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
gNorton Leatherman Spine Center, Louisville, KY
hDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI
iRocky Mountain Scoliosis and Spine, Denver, CO
jDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
kDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
lDepartments of Neurosurgery and Orthopedic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
mDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Peter G. Passias, MD, New York Spine Institute, Division of Spinal Surgery, Departments of Orthopedic and Neurological Surgery, NYU Langone Medical Center, Orthopedic Hospital—NYU School of Medicine, 301 East 17th St, New York, NY 10003; E-mail: [email protected]
Received 30 April, 2020
Revised 30 June, 2020
Accepted 6 August, 2020
The manuscript submitted does not contain information about medical device(s)/drug(s).
The International Spine Study Group (ISSG) is funded through research grants from DePuy Synthes and individual donations.
Relevant financial activities outside the submitted work: board membership, consultancy, grants, royalties, stocks.