Somatosensory Cortical Evoked Potential Changes After Deformity Correction

Abstract

The somatosensory cortical evoked potentials recorded during posterior spine fusion and instrumentation for 99 consecutive patients with idiopathic scoliosis, 18 years of age or younger, were retrospectively reviewed. The potentials were recorded from scalp electrodes while synchronously stimulating both tibial nerves near the ankles. Signal changes observed during consecutive 30-minute time intervals after deformity correction were analyzed. No changes in neurologic status were observed postoperatively. Latency values tended to remain constant on average. A small, but statistically significant, decrease in the first two interpeak amplitudes was observed during the first 30-minute interval after deformity correction. The first interpeak amplitude recovered, while the second remained statistically significantly decreased. No patient had a decrease of greater than 50% in both of the first two amplitudes, which persisted throughout the 60-minute interval immediately after deformity correction. This study demonstrated a tendency for somatosensory cortical evoked potential interpeak amplitudes to decrease during the first 30 minutes after deformity correction. There was a great deal of individual variation, including amplitude increases in many patients. There was no evidence supporting an association between dramatic, sustained amplitude decreases and uncomplicated deformity correction. The value of thoroughly evaluating somatosensory cortical evoked potential signal trends while making intraoperative decisions is emphasized.