EFFICACY OF COMBINED SYSTEMIC CORTICOSTEROID AND EARLY IMMUNOMODULATORY THERAPY WITHIN THREE MONTHS OF ONSET IN VOGT–KOYANAGI–HARADA DISEASE

Abstract

Purpose: 

To evaluate the clinical outcomes of combined systemic corticosteroid and early immunomodulatory therapy (IMT) within 3 months of onset in Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada (VKH) disease compared with conventional therapy.

Methods: 

This retrospective observational case series included 73 eyes of 38 patients with VKH, categorized into the conventional (n = 41) and the early IMT (n = 32) groups. Clinical information was gathered from patients' medical records. Primary outcome measures were visual acuity, subfoveal choroidal thickness, and uveitis outcome including occurrence of sunset glow fundus.

Results: 

The logarithm of minimal angle of resolution visual acuity of both groups improved, with statistically significant difference at the last follow-up (P < 0.01, Mann–Whitney U test). Their mean subfoveal choroidal thickness decreased, with no statistically significant difference at the last follow-up (P = 0.21, T-test). In the conventional and early IMT groups, 27 (65.9%) and 15 (46.9%) eyes, respectively, had chronic or chronic recurrent VKH and sunset glow fundus was observed in 33 (80.5%) and 16 (50.0%) eyes, respectively.

Conclusion: 

Combined systemic corticosteroid and early IMT within 3 months of onset was superior to conventional therapy in the final visual and uveitis outcome of patients with VKH disease. Therefore, IMT may be added early in cases of VKH disease, even when under control with high-dose corticosteroid.

In Brief

Conventional treatment with corticosteroid for Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease seems suboptimal to prevent chronic change, including sunset glow fundus. Combined systemic corticosteroid and early immunomodulatory therapy within 3 months of onset was superior to conventional therapy in the final visual and uveitis outcome of patients with Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease.