Elisangela Nunes Carvalho, MS, is a biologist at Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil.
André Oliveira Paggiaro, PhD, MD, a professor in the nursing postgraduate program at Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil, and a plastic surgeon in the Plastic Surgery Division, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Júlia Teixeira Nicolosi, PhD, RN, is a professor in the nursing postgraduate program at Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil, and at Rua Maria Leonete da Silva Nóbrega, São Paulo, Brazil.
Rolf Gemperli, PhD, MD, is a professor in the Plastic Surgery Division, Faculty of Medicine at University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Viviane Fernandes de Carvalho, PhD, RN, is a professor in the nursing postgraduate program at Guarulhos University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Address correspondence to Júlia Teixeira Nicolosi, PhD, RN, Guarulhos University, Praça Teresa Cristina, 88. Centro, Guarulhos, Brazil. ([email protected]).
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest.
