From the *Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa
†Empilweni Services and Research Centre, Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
‡Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Paediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
§Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
¶Khayelitsha ART Programme and Health Impact Assessment, Western Cape Department of Health, Cape Town, South Africa
‖Kheth’Impilo, South Africa
**Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
††Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
‡‡Africa Health Research Institute, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
§§College of Social Science, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK
¶¶Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
‖‖Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
***Aid for AIDS, Division of Medscheme Holdings Pty Ltd, Cape Town.
Accepted for publication September 26, 2019.
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U01AI069924. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. No funding bodies had any role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
V.I. and M.-A.D. developed and wrote the analysis concept and plan. V.I. conducted the analyses and interpreted the results with critical input from K.-G. T., B.E., H.R., A.B., G.F., M.E., F.T., R.W., L.F., M.F.C. and M.-A.D. V.I. drafted the manuscript; all authors contributed to manuscript writing and review.
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Address for correspondence: Victoria Iyun, MPH, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected].
