From the *Division of Emergency Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC; †Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA; ‡Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; §Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI; ∥Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD; ¶Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT; and #Department of Pediatrics, Jacobi Medical Center, Bronx, NY.
Disclosure: This information or content and conclusions are those of the author and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred by Health Resources and Services Administration, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Funding: This project is supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration, Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Emergency Medical Services for Children Network Development Demonstration Program under cooperative agreements U03MC00008, U03MC00001, U03MC00003, U03MC00006, U03MC00007, U03MC22684, and U03MC22685.
Data Sharing Statement: Unpublished data from this study are available through the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network and the Data Coordinating Center, located at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Reprints: Karen J O'Connell, MD, MEd, Children's National Medical Center, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC (e-mail: [email protected]).