School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao, China

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China [email protected]

X.-Q.Y. and H.-B.D. contributed equally to the work.

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

All authors have agreed to publish this article.

The data sets used or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82070669 to W.L.). The sponsor had no role in the design of the study, the collection and analysis of the data, or the preparation of the manuscript.

X.-Q.Y. takes responsibility for the content of the manuscript, including the data and analysis. Y.J.W., G.F.Z., and Y.P.H. contributed to the study design. K.G. and Y.L. contributed to data collection. H.B.D., X.-Q.Y., and Y.L. performed statistical analysis and interpretation and drafted the manuscript. Z.-H.T. and Y.L. revised the manuscript. All authors contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript and approved its final version. Financial support and study supervision were provided by W.L.