1Nuffield Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
2Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford Eye Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom *[email protected]
Supplemental Digital Content: Appendix 1, the questionnaire used during the study, is available at https://links.lww.com/OPX/A398).
Appendix Figure A1, a flowchart showing the vision testing protocol for the Berkeley Rudimentary Vision Test and providing a scoring guide, is available at https://links.lww.com/OPX/A399).
Appendix Table A1, contrast measurements of the tests in situ at different test distances, is available at https://links.lww.com/OPX/A400). The contrast was calculated by measuring dark and light areas on the charts under the illumination used for testing as specified in themethods. This was done using a light meter, Sekonic L-758Cine DigitalMaster (Sekonic Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) then calculating the Weber contrast. A large E was used in both tests for the measurement.
Submitted: January 16, 2018
Accepted: February 9, 2019
Funding/Support: The research was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), based at Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Oxford.
Conflict of Interest Disclosure: All authors were employed by the National Health Service at the time of this work taking place.
Study Registration Information: National Health Service Research Ethics Committee (13/SC/0234).
Author Contributions and Acknowledgments: Conceptualization: JKJ, REM; Data Curation: JKJ, JMG, APS; Formal Analysis: JKJ, JMG, APS, RCH; Funding Acquisition: REM; Investigation: JKJ, REM; Methodology: JKJ; Project Administration: JKJ, JMG; Resources: JKJ, REM; Supervision: JKJ, REM; Validation: APS, REM; Visualization: JKJ, RCH; Writing - Original Draft: JKJ; Writing - Review & Editing: JMG, APS, RCH, REM.
The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research, or the Department of Health. The sponsor and funding organization had no role in the design or conduct of this research.
The authors would like to thank Tallulah Shepherd for her contribution to data collection.
Supplemental Digital Content: Direct URL links are provided within the text.
