Mulubrhan F. Mogos, PhD, MSC, Kylea L. Liese, PhD, CNM, RN, and Patrick D. Thornton, PhD, CNM, RN, are Assistant Professors, Department of Women, Children and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Tracy A. Manuck, MD, is Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
William D. O'Brien, Jr., PhD, is Professor, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
Barbara L. McFarlin, PhD, CNM RDMS, FACNM, FAAN, is Professor, Department of Women, Children and Family Health Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago.
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.nursingresearchonline.com).
This study was partially funded by National Institutes of Health R01 HD089935 (B. L. M. and W. D. O.) and R01 MD011609 (T. A. M.).
The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the authors’ institutions. Part of this work was presented at the 2018 Council for the Advancement of Nursing Science in Washington, DC, on September 14, 2018.
The authors have no conflicts of interest to report.
Corresponding author: Mulubrhan F. Mogos, PhD, MSc, School of Nursing, Vanderbilt University, 418 Godchaux Hall/21st Avenue South Nashville, TN 37240. Tel: 615.343.0243 (e-mail: [email protected]).
Ethical Conduct of Research: The study has been approved by the institutional review board of University of Illinois at Chicago.
