Does temporomandibular disorder correlate with menopausal symptoms?

Abstract

Objective: 

To assess the correlation between menopausal symptoms and pain caused by temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and the impact of sociodemographic factors on the association.

Methods: 

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 74 women with TMD symptoms were enrolled and divided into three groups according to the Stages of Reproductive Aging Workshop + 10 (STRAW + 10) criteria: G1 (n = 25, late menopausal transition), G2 (n = 30, early postmenopause), and G3 (n = 19, late postmenopause). Sociodemographic data were collected, along with data on menopausal symptoms (Blatt-Kupperman menopausal index) and TMD-induced pain (craniomandibular index). Statistical analysis was performed using a chi-squared test and linear correlation tests (Spearman and Pearson).

Results: 

Analysis of the three groups showed that TMD-induced pain was more intense in G1 than in G3 (P = 0.0426, r= 0.2364, r² = 0.05589), and menopausal symptoms correlated with the intensity of TMD-induced pain (P = 0.0004, r= 0.4020). This correlation was more significant during the late menopausal transition (G1: P= 0.0267, r= 0.4427, r² = 0.1960). In G2, women with fewer than 4 years of schooling had a higher total Blatt- Kupperman menopausal index score (17.0 ± 85.0) and craniomandibular index (0.29 ± 0.23) than women with more than 4 years of schooling (P= 0.02 for both indices).

Conclusions: 

Our results suggest that TMD-induced pain and menopausal symptoms are correlated, and more strongly so in the late menopausal transition. Additionally, sociodemographic factors, such as schooling, have a major influence on symptoms in early postmenopause. Performing the TMD evaluation during the climacteric period may be important.