1Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2Department of Cellular, Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
4Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
6School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Address correspondence to: Gity Sotoudeh, PhD, Fereydoun Siassi, PhD, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Hojatdost Street, Naderi Street, Keshavarz Blv., Tehran, Iran. E-mail: gsotodeh@tums.ac.ir, siassif@tums.ac.ir; Mostafa Qorbani, PhD, Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran ; Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: mqorbani1379@yahoo.com
Received 12 October, 2019
Revised 19 December, 2019
Accepted 19 December, 2019
Author contributions: F.S., G.S., and M.Q. conceived and developed the idea for the paper and revised the manuscript. M.S., F.B., and S.K. contributed to data collection. M.S. wrote numerous drafts. M.A., Z.A., and F.K. contributed to data analysis and interpretation of the data.
Funding/support: This research has been supported by Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) (Grant No. 32413-161-02-95).
Financial disclosure/conflicts of interest: None reported.
