From the *Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; †Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; ‡Department of Critical Care Medicine, The CRISMA (Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute Illness) Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; §Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and ¶Department of Economics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Supported by NIH grant K08 AG021921 (to A.E.B. PI), with additional support from P01 AG019783 (to Jonathan S. Skinner PI) and 1UL1 RR024153 (Steven E. Reis PI).
Reprints: Amber E. Barnato, MD, MPH, MS, Center for Research on Health Care, 200 Meyran Avenue, Suite 200, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. E-mail: [email protected].
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