Barbara Pieper, PhD, RN, ACNS, CWOCN, FAAN, is Professor/Nurse Practitioner, College of Nursing, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan.
Corresponding author: Barbara Pieper, PhD, RN, APCNS-BC, CWOCN, FAAN, College of Nursing, Wayne State University, 5557 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202 ([email protected]).