Barbara Pieper, PhD, RN, CS, CWOCN, FAAN, is Professor, Wayne State University, College of Nursing, Detroit, Michigan.
Maria Helena Larcher Caliri, PhD, RN, is Assistant Professor, Ribeirao Preto College of Nursing, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP Brazil.
Reprint requests: Barbara Pieper, PhD, RN, CS, CWOCN, FAAN, Wayne State University, College of Nursing, 5557 Cass Ave, Detroit, MI 48202; e-mail: [email protected].
This project was funded in part by the Global Grant Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, Mich, and the FAPESP Grant, State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil.
