From the Departments of Surgery (A.J.D., G.D.S., H.G.C., M.C., M.M.R., M.M.-G., C.Y.K.), and Neurosurgery (D.M.), David Geffen School of Medicine, and Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program (A.J.D., G.D.S.), UCLA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System (A.J.D., M.M.R., M.M.-G., C.Y.K.); Department of Neurosurgery (J.P.G.), University of Southern California; and Emergency Medical Services Agency (C.P., D.G.), Department of Health Services, County of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
Submitted: September 9, 2014, Revised: November 17, 2014, Accepted: December 5, 2014.
This study was a presented at the 73rd annual meeting of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, September 9–13, 2014, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
*The Los Angeles County Trauma Consortium includes the following: Cynthia Marin, RN, MSN, and Pavel Petrik, MD (Antelope Valley Hospital); Laura Schneider, RN, and Gudata Hinika, MD (California Hospital); Elizabeth Cleek, RN, and Jeffrey Upperman, MD (Children’s Hospital Los Angeles); Heidi Hotz, RN, and Daniel Margulies, MD (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center); Kimberly Murphy, RN, MSN, and David Hanpeter, MD (Providence Holy Cross Medical Center); Robin Tyler, RN, and Brant Putnam, MD (Harbor/UCLA Medical Center); Susan Thompson, RN, MSN, and Amal Obaid, MD (Huntington Memorial Hospital); Gilda Cruz-Manglapus, RN, and Ranbir Singh, MD (Henry Mayo Newhall Memorial Hospital); Desiree Thomas, RN, and Brian Acker, MD (Long Beach Memorial Medical Center); Melanie Crowley, RN, MSN, and Shawki Saad, MD (Northridge Hospital Medical Center); Renee Smith, RN, MSN, and Tchaka Shepherd, MD (Saint Francis Medical Center); Patricia Meier, RN, and James Murray, MD (Saint Mary Medical Center); Marilyn Cohen, RN, and H. Gill Cryer, MD, PhD (Ronald Regan UCLA Medical Center); and Sixta Navarrete, RN, and Demetrios Demetriades, MD (LAC + USC Medical Center).
Address for reprints: Aaron J. Dawes, MD, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, 757 Westwood Plaza B7-11, Los Angeles, CA; email: adawes@mednet.ucla.edu.
