From the Department of Surgery (E.E.M., C.C.B., W.L.B.), Denver Health, Denver, Colorado; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (E.E.M., C.C.B., W.L.B.), University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (M.M.K., R.A.D.), San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (M.M.K., R.A.D.), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (K.I.), University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (A.K.M.), Medical College of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (M.A.S.), Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, Oregon; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (T.D.B.), University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (R.C.), University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (E.A.G.), University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (J.W.M.), Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (D.H.L.), University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey; and Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery (K.L.K.), University Medical Center, Fresno, California.
Submitted for publication March 18, 2009.
Accepted for publication November 18, 2010.
Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Western Trauma Association, February 28–March 7, 2010, Telluride, Colorado.
Address for reprints: Ernest E. Moore, MD, Department of Surgery, Denver Health Medical Center, 777 Bannock Street, MC 0206, Denver, CO 80204; email: ernest.moore@dhha.org.
