*University of Toledo, Toledo, OH
†Primus Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
‡OhioHealth Grant Medical Center, Columbus, OH
§OrthoNorCal Inc., Los Gatos
∥USC Spine Center
¶Spine Center, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles
#Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, San Diego, CA
Supported by the National Science Foundation collaboration group (Center for Disruptive Musculoskeletal Innovation, I/UCRC Collaborative Award #s: 1361975/L and 1361977).
J.C.W. reports royalties from Biomet, Seaspine, Amedica, synthes, investment/options from Bone biologics, Pearldiver, Electrocore, Surgitech, nonfinancial support from North American Spine Society, Cervical Spine Research Society, Spine, The Spine Journal, Clinical Spine Surgery, Global Spine Journal, Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics, American Orthopaedic Association, board of directors from AOfoundation, Society for Brain Mapping and Therapeutics, grants from AOSpine North America, outside the submitted work. S.G. reports consultancy from SI bone and Spinal Balance, Resident and fellow education committee, CME committee, website and digital platform committee chair from NASS, and International committee member from AAOS, outside the submitted work. A.A. reports consultancy from Spinal Balance, Editorial board membership from Clinical Spine Surgery, Spine, outside the submitted work. S.R.G. reports consultancy from DePuy (Johnson & Johnson), Magnifi Group, SI Bone, Spinal Kinetics, Spinal Balance, institutional support from Depuy (Johnson & Johnson), Globus, royalties from Depuy (Johnson & Johnson), Stock from Spinal Kinetics, Spinal Balance, SI Bone outside the submitted work. A.K.A. and V.K.G. reports royalties from Paradigm spine, Joimax, investment/options from Osteonovus, Spinal Balance, outside the submitted work. C.K. reports consultancy from Medtronic, SeaSpine, Intellirod, Spinal Balance, Camber, outside the submitted work. N.A. reports consultancy from Medtronics, Globus, GYS Tech, Spinal Balance, speaker from DePuy Synthes, Stryker, stocks from Bonovo, Medtronics, Globus, GYS Tech, Spinal Balance, AF cell, Theracell, Atlas Spine, Paradigm Spine, Royalties from Elsevier, Medtronics, Globus, SAB from GYS Tech, Globus, Spinal Balance, Editor from Gray’s Anatomy, outside the submitted work. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest.
Reprints: Aakash Agarwal, PhD, Department of Bioengineering and Orthopaedics surgery, Colleges of Engineering and Medicine, University of Toledo, 5051 Nitschke Hall MS 303, 2801 West Bancroft Street, Toledo, OH 43606 (e-mail: [email protected]).
