*The Orthopedic Center of St. Louis, St Louis, MO
†OAA Orthopaedic Specialists, Allentown, PA
‡Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
§California Spine Group, Century City Hospital, Los Angeles, CA
∥Wilderness Spine Services, Columbus, GA
¶Center for Sports Medicine and Orthopedics, Chattanooga, TN
#Central Texas Spine Institute, Austin, TX
**SPIRITT Research, St. Louis, MO
This investigational device exemption and postapproval studies were sponsored by Medtronic (Memphis, TN).
M.F.G.: Consulting: Aesculap and Medtronic; Stockownership: Bonovo, International Spine & Orthopedic Institute, LLC, Nocimed, OuroBoros, Paradigm Spine; Royalties: Medtronic and RTI. J.R.M.: Consulting: Globus Medical Inc. and Zimmer-Biomet; Stockownership: Globus Medical Inc.; Royalties: Globus Medical Inc.; Research support: Medtronic; Speaker bureau: Zimmer-Biomet and Institute for Musculoskeletal Education. K.D.R.: Consulting: Medtronic; Royalties: Medtronic; Speaker bureau: Medtronic. T.H.L.: Consulting: Medtronic and Choice Spine; Royalties: Medtronic, Zimmer-Biomet, Nuvasive, and Choice Spine. J.K.B.: Consulting: Medtronic and Zimmer-Biomet; Royalties: Zimmer-Biomet; Research support: Medtronic and Nuvasive. S.D.H.: Speaker bureau: Medtronic. R.F.D.: Consulting: Lifespine; Royalties: Nuvasive, Globus Medical Inc., and Innovasis. F.W.S.: Stockownership: Nocimed. A.G.C. declares no conflict of interest.
Reprints: Matthew F. Gornet, MD, The Orthopedic Center of St. Louis, 14825 N. Outer Forty Road, Suite 200, St. Louis, MO 63141 (e-mail: [email protected]).