Early versus late hip spica casting for paediatric femoral shaft fractures

Abstract

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of treating paediatric femoral shaft fractures by early (<48 h) versus late (>48 h) hip spica casting. A retrospective review of 44 patients with 44 femoral shaft fractures treated by either early or late hip spica application with at least 9-month follow-up was undertaken. Both groups were treated on an inpatient basis. The late hip spica group had skin traction applied before the application of a hip spica. The outcome measures involved both clinical [Pediatric Outcomes Questionnaire (POQ) and Activities Scale for Kids (ASK)] and radiological outcomes. Complications were noted. A total of 44 patients with a mean age of 33 months (range: 7–66 months) were evaluated. Overall, 20 patients underwent early and 24 had late hip spica casting. At follow-up, the ASK was similar amongst the two groups (44.2 vs. 44.8, P=0.8). However, the POQ was better in the early hip spica casting group (24.7 vs. 28.9, P=0.01). Length of hospital stay and duration of immobilization in the hip spica were significantly shorter in the early group (P<0.001). There were no differences in leg lengths, lateral distal femoral angles and medial proximal tibia angles between the fractured and nonfractured limbs in both groups. Early hip spica casting is a safe procedure for paediatric femoral shaft fractures and was associated with less time in hospital and hip spica with a better POQ score. However, early hip spica casting was associated with more hip spica changes and required wedging. At follow-up, radiological parameters were similar in both groups. Level of Evidence: III.