From the ∗Center for Health Information and Communication, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Veterans Health Administration, Health Services Research and Development Service (CIN 13-416) and Regenstrief Institute, Inc., Indianapolis
†College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette
‡Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center
§Indiana University Center for Health Services and Outcomes Research, Indianapolis, Indiana
∥Applied Decision Science, Dayton, Ohio
¶Internal Medicine, Department of Veterans Affairs, Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
Correspondence: Alissa L. Russ, PhD, Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center VA HSR&D Center for Health Information and Communication, CHIC 1481 W. 10th St, 11-H Indianapolis, IN (e-mail: [email protected]).
Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding: L.G.M. is co-owner of Applied Decision Science, LLC, a company that studies decision making in complex environments and utilizes the critical decision method. She aided in the design of the cognitive task analysis approach used in this study and trained the interviewer. M.W. has stock in Allscripts and Express Scripts Holding Company. All other authors report no conflicts of interest. This work was supported by a VA HSR&D Career Development Award 11-214 (PI: A.L.R.) along with the Center for Health Information and Communication, Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration, Health Services Research and Development Service, CIN 13-416.
Contributions: A.L.R. developed the funded grant proposal, with input from M.W., L.G.M., A.J.Z., and P.A.G. The incident card was developed by A.L.R. with input from P.A.G., A.J.Z., K.J.A., M.W., and L.G.M. M.W. and K.J.A. served as the primary physician and pharmacist reviewers, respectively, to evaluate submitted incident cards, with P.A.G. and A.J.Z. as their respective backup reviewers. L.G.M. trained A.L.R. on the critical decision method techniques and helped develop the interview guide. A.L.R. conducted all interviews. Together, L.G.M., A.L.R., A.J.Z., and K.J.A. created the decision requirements template. A.L.R. drafted this manuscript, which was critically revised by all authors and approved before submission.
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