From the Center for Health + Justice Transformation, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI (EK, AM, HM, JDR, LB-R); Center of Biomedical Research Excellence on Opioids and Overdose, The Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI (EK, JDR); Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (AT); Rhode Island Department of Corrections, Cranston, RI (AM, JB); Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI (JB, JDR); Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT (HM); Smith College, Northampton, MA (CB); Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI (JDR); and Department of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC (LB-R).
Received for publication February 3, 2022; accepted April 26, 2022.
Supported by the National Institute of Drug Abuse (R21DA043487; T32DA007292, K23DA055695), the National Institute of General Medical Research (P20GM125507), and the John and Laura Arnold Foundation. The funders had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of the data, writing of the manuscript, or the decision to submit the paper for publication.
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citation appears in the printed text and is provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal’s Web site (www.journaladdictionmedicine.com).
Send correspondence to Josiah D Rich, MD, the Miriam Hospital, 164 Summit Ave, Providence, RI, 02906. [email protected].
