Predictors of Persistent Psychotic Symptoms in Persons With Methamphetamine Abuse Receiving Psychiatric Treatment

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify predictors of sustained psychotic symptoms after methamphetamine (MA) abuse during the course of 6 months from patterns of MA and other substance use, depressive symptoms, family history of psychosis, antisocial personality disorder, and trauma history. A total of 295 individuals with MA abuse and psychotic symptoms seeking psychiatric services were assessed at baseline and then monthly on symptoms and substance use for 6 months. Trajectory analyses revealed two trajectories of the individuals with positive symptoms, with one group presenting with persistent psychotic symptoms (30% of the sample). Those with persistent psychosis were significantly older, had more severe psychotic symptoms, misused MA for more years, had more antisocial personality traits, and had more sustained depressive symptoms. The strongest predictors of belonging to the persistent psychosis group, via logistic regressions, were more severe psychotic symptoms, longer use of MA, and sustained depressive symptoms. Our results highlight the important comorbidities, especially regarding depressive symptoms and persistent psychosis, in individuals seeking psychiatric help after MA abuse. This study also highlights the importance of identifying people with persistent psychosis within MA users to facilitate rapid and effective treatment of co-occurring psychotic disorder.