Spetz, Joanne PhD, FAAN; Brown, Diane S. PhD, RN, CPHQ, FNAHQ, FAAN; Aydin, Carolyn PhD
Author Affiliations: Professor (Dr Spetz), Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies & Center for the Health Professions, University of California, San Francisco; Executive Director for Cost Improvement Strategy (Dr Brown), Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, and Senior Scientist (Dr Brown), Collaborative Alliance for Nursing Outcomes (CALNOC), San Ramon, California; and Research Scientist, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Burns & Allen Research Institute, Los Angeles; and DataManagement Services Director (Dr Aydin), CALNOC, San Ramon, California.
This intramural research was funded by CALNOC.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Correspondence: Dr Spetz, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, 3333 California St, Ste 265, San Francisco, CA 94118 ([email protected]).
doi: 10.1097/NNA.0000000000000154