In Brief:
The relationship between arsenic exposure and all-cause of death and the combined effects of arsenic exposure and smoking have been poorly evaluated in the available studies. Workers exposed to arsenic had significantly higher mortality rates for all causes (HR = 1.457, 95% CI = 1.242 to 1.708), cancer (HR = 1.517, 95% CI = 1.139 to 2.022), and cerebrovascular disease (HR = 1.796, 95% CI = 1.225 to 2.634). More effective measures should be taken to control arsenic among miners with arsenic exposure.
