Department for Business, Work & Organizational Psychology, Applied University Fresenius, Heidelberg, Germany (Dr Schmidt); Mannheim Institute of Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany (Seeger and Dr Herr); Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Dr van Vianen); Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany (Dr Loerbroks); Department of Occupational Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim, Germany (Dr Schneider).
Address correspondence to: Burkhard Schmidt, PhD, Applied University Fresenius, Sickingenstr. 63, 69129 Heidelberg, Germany (Burkhard.Schmidt@hs-fresenius.de).
Ethical approval: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
BS and MS are first authors and equally contributed to this work.
This study was funded by a grant from Boehringer-Ingelheim GmbH.
Schmidt, Seeger, Herr, van Vianen, Loerbroks, and Schneider have no relationships/conditions/circumstances that present potential conflict of interest.
The JOEM editorial board and planners have no financial interest related to this research
