From the Department of Emergency Medicine (Mr Kilaru, Ms Nadkarni, and Drs Shofer and Merchant), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; and Federal Occupational Health (Drs Leffer, Perkner, and Sawyer and Ms Jolley), US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Md.
Address correspondence to: Marc Leffer MD, MPH, Chief, Medical Affairs and Strategic Development, Federal Occupational Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Air Rights Center, 4550 Montgomery Ave, Ste 950, Bethesda, MD 20814 ([email protected]).
R.M. Merchant received grant support from the National Institutes of Health, K23 grant 10714038, and pilot funding from Physio-Control, Seattle, WA; Zoll Medical, Boston, MA; Cardiac Science, Bothell, WA; and Philips Medical, Seattle, WA.
M. Leffer, K.F. Sawyer, and C.E. Jolley are US government employees. J. Perkner is currently a retired US government employee.
*A.S. Kilaru and M. Leffer contributed equally to this work and are listed as colead authors.
The authors A.S. Kilaru, L.D. Nadkarni, and F.S. Shofer declare no conflicts of interest.
