Physical Therapy Provider Continuity Predicts Functional Improvements in Inpatient Rehabilitation

Abstract

Background and Purpose: 

Health care continuity has been linked to improved patient outcomes in a variety of professions and settings. Patients in inpatient rehabilitation receive a consistent dosage of physical therapy (PT) treatment; however, the providing physical therapist may vary. Despite the potential influence of PT provider continuity on functional outcomes in the inpatient rehabilitation setting, this association has not yet been studied.

Methods: 

An observational retrospective chart review was conducted on 555 discharged inpatient rehabilitation patients. The relationship between the number of PT providers from whom a patient received care and Quality Indicator (QI) Mobility discharge scores was examined with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients, initially with the entire patient group and secondarily with distinct diagnostic groups. Data from subgroups for whom a significant relationship was established were then included in a hierarchical linear regression analysis accounting for relevant covariates.

Results: 

The number of PT providers correlated negatively with QI Mobility discharge scores (r = −0.41, P ≤ 0.001). When controlling for QI Mobility admission scores, the “Stroke” (partial r = −0.17, P = 0.02), “Spinal Cord Injury” (partial r = −0.28, P = 0.002), and “Other Neuromuscular” (partial r = −0.35, P = 0.03) groups demonstrated significant inverse relationships. A hierarchical linear regression incorporating these 3 diagnostic groups revealed that the number of PT providers remained a significant predictor of QI Mobility discharge scores (B = −1.50, P ≤ 0.001) when accounting for covariates.

Discussion and Conclusions: 

PT provider continuity is related to the functional improvement of neurologically impaired patients in inpatient rehabilitation.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, https://links.lww.com/JNPT/A405, which discusses the findings of this work in a narrative format).