^aDepartment of Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts

^bDepartment of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

^cDepartment of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

^dDepartment of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Correspondence to Alison P. Woods, MD, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 759, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. Tel: +1 443 927 8195; e-mail: [email protected]

Received 30 June, 2022

Revised 18 September, 2022

Accepted 4 December, 2022