From the Ophthalmology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy (Lupardi, Fontana); Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California (Hoffer); St. Mary's Eye Center, Santa Monica, California (Hoffer); G.B. Bietti Foundation I.R.C.C.S., Rome, Italy (Savini).

Corresponding author: Enrico Lupardi, MD, Ophthalmology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Pelagio Palagi, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy. Email: [email protected].

The contribution of I.R.C.C.S.—G.B. Bietti Foundation was supported by Fondazione Roma and the Italian Ministry of Health.

Disclosures: K.J. Hoffer licenses the registered trademark name Hoffer to ensure accurate programming of his formulas to Carl Zeiss Meditec AG (IOLMasters), Haag-Streit AG (LenStar/EyeStar), Heidelberg Engineering GmbH (Anterion), Oculus Surgical, Inc. (Pentacam AXL), Movu, Inc. (Argos), Nidek, Inc. (AL-Scan), Tomey Corp. (OA-2000), Topcon Europe Medical B.V./VisiaImaging (Aladdin), Ziemer Ophthalmic Systems AG (Galilei G6), and all A-scan biometer manufacturers. G. Savini is a consultant to Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici and has received personal fees from Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Johnson & Johnson Vision, Oculus Surgical, Inc., STAAR Surgical Co., and Carl Zeiss Meditec AG. None of the other authors has any financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

First author:Enrico Lupardi, MDOphthalmology Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy