From the ∗Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto
†Medical Science Department, Teijin Pharma Limited, Tokyo
‡Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki
§Intensive Care Unit and Department of Cardiology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo
∥Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Author contributions: R.K. drafted the manuscript and performed the statistical analyses. All authors participated in the design of the study and the analysis and/or interpretation of data. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript for submission.
The authors have not declared a specific grant or funding for this study. R.K. is an employee of Teijin Pharma Limited; however, Teijin Pharma Limited was not involved in this study. I.S. received consulting fees from Novartis Pharma K.K. and holds stock in Daiichi Sankyo Company, Ltd; Astellas Pharma Inc; and AbbVie Inc. M.K. and T.S. declare no conflicts of interest. K.K. received research funds from Eisai Co, Ltd; Kyowa Kirin Co, Ltd; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co, Ltd; Pfizer Inc; Stella Pharma Corporation; CMIC Co, Ltd; Suntory Beverage & Food, Ltd; Mitsubishi Corporation; and Real World Data Co, Ltd; consulting fees from Leber Inc; JMDC, Inc; Shin Nippon Biomedical Laboratories Ltd; Kaken Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd; and Advanced Medical Care Inc; executive compensation from Cancer Intelligence Care Systems, Inc; honoraria from Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Corp, Mitsubishi Corp, and Pharma Business Academy; and holds stock in Real World Data Co, Ltd.
Correspondence: Koji Kawakami, MD, PhD, Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. E-mail: [email protected].
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