Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characterization of Prostate Lesions in the Active Surveillance Population

Incremental Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction of Disease Reclassification

Abstract

Objective 

This study aimed to characterize prostate lesions by multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in active surveillance (AS) and examine the incremental predictive value of MRI in comparison with clinical parameters for disease reclassification.

Methods 

Blinded imaging review of 3-T endorectal mMRI from 50 consecutive men was performed. Multiparametric MRI biomarkers and morphological parameters and the predictive value of a suspicious MR lesion of 10 mm or greater for clinical or histopathologic disease reclassification were assessed.

Results 

Nine patients were reclassified as AS noneligible during follow-up. Morphological parameters, magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI were associated with disease reclassification. Multiparametric MRI best predicted disease reclassification in patients who did not meet clinical AS enrollment criteria and had a suspicious lesion 10 mm or greater, followed by patients with a suspicious lesion of 10 mm or greater. Not meeting enrollment criteria alone was not a significant predictor of disease reclassification.

Conclusions 

Multiparametric MRI demonstrates incremental predictive value when used in combination with clinical AS enrollment criteria and supports the assessment of eligibility for AS.