1Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
2School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
3Scottish National Spine Deformity Service, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
4Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
5Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
6Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
aEmail for corresponding author: [email protected]
Investigation performed at the University of Edinburgh and the Scottish National Spine Deformity Service, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
Disclosure: The Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms are provided with the online version of the article (https://links.lww.com/JBJS/G675).