1Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
2Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
3Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
4Orthopedic Spine Surgeon, Clinical Scholar, Hamilton General Hospital (HGH), Hamilton Health Sciences (HHS), Ontario, Canada
5Department of Orthopedics, University Spine Center Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
6Department of Orthopaedics and Physical Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
aE-mail address for S.J. Lewis: [email protected]
Investigation performed at the Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Ethical approval was not required as per the institution guidelines, and permission has been granted from patients to report the results of these cases.
Disclosure: The Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest forms are provided with the online version of the article (https://links.lww.com/JBJSCC/B990).
