aDivision of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;
bDepartment of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;
cDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC;
dDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA;
eAtlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Atlanta, GA;
fDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA;
gDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA;
hDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA;
iDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD;
jMinneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN;
kDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, MN; and
lDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Correspondence to: Subhashini A. Sellers, MD, 4th Floor Bioinformatics, CB#7020, 130 Mason Farm Road, Chapel Hill, NC 28099 (e-mail: [email protected]).
Support for S.A.S. was provided by Program in Multidisciplinary Training in Pulmonary Diseases at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (T32-HL-007106). L.H. was partly supported by the National Institutes of Health (K24 HL087713). This material is also the result of work supported with resources and the use of facilities at the Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center. A.A.A. has received personal funds for consulting from Merck, Gilead, and Viiv; her institution has received funds from Merck and Gilead for her research. K.M.K. reports personal funds from Nuvaira and Allergan outside of the presented work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
These results were presented at the Conference of Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI); March 2019; Seattle, WA.
Data in this manuscript were collected by the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS). The contents of this publication are solely the authors' responsibility and do not represent the official views of the US Government, National Institutes of Health (NIH), or Department of Veterans Affairs. MWCCS (Principal Investigators): Atlanta CRS (Ighovwerha Ofotokun, Anandi Sheth, and Gina Wingood), U01-HL146241; Baltimore CRS (Todd Brown and Joseph Margolick), U01-HL146201; Bronx CRS (Kathryn Anastos and Anjali Sharma), U01-HL146204; Brooklyn CRS (Deborah Gustafson and Tracey Wilson), U01-HL146202; Data Analysis and Coordination Center (Gypsyamber D'Souza, Stephen Gange, and Elizabeth Golub), U01-HL146193; Chicago-Cook County CRS (Mardge Cohen and Audrey French), U01-HL146245; Chicago-Northwestern CRS (Steven Wolinsky), U01-HL146240; Northern California CRS (Bradley Aouizerat, Jennifer Price, and Phyllis Tien), U01-HL146242; Los Angeles CRS (Roger Detels and Matthew Mimiaga), U01-HL146333; Metropolitan Washington CRS (Seble Kassaye and Daniel Merenstein), U01-HL146205; Miami CRS (Maria Alcaide, Margaret Fischl, and Deborah Jones), U01-HL146203; Pittsburgh CRS (Jeremy Martinson and Charles Rinaldo), U01-HL146208; UAB-MS CRS (Mirjam-Colette Kempf, Jodie Dionne-Odom, and Deborah Konkle-Parker), U01-HL146192; UNC CRS (Adaora Adimora), U01-HL146194. The MWCCS is funded primarily by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), with additional co-funding from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health & Human Development (NICHD), National Institute On Aging (NIA), National Institute Of Dental & Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute Of Neurological Disorders And Stroke (NINDS), National Institute Of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute On Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institute Of Nursing Research (NINR), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), and in coordination and alignment with the research priorities of the National Institutes of Health, Office of AIDS Research (OAR). MWCCS data collection is also supported by UL1-TR000004 (UCSF CTSA), UL1-TR003098 (JHU ICTR), UL1-TR001881 (UCLA CTSI), P30-AI-050409 (Atlanta CFAR), P30-AI-073961 (Miami CFAR), P30-AI-050410 (UNC CFAR), P30-AI-027767 (UAB CFAR), and P30-MH-116867 (Miami CHARM).
A.E. had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the analysis. A.E., C.R., M.P.R., M.B.D., and A.A.A. contributed to the conception and design of the study. A.E. contributed to the acquisition of the data. S.A.S. and A.E. contributed to the drafting of the manuscript. S.A.S., A.E., C.R., S.K.C., I.O., L.H., A.M., M.C.M., K.M.K., G.D., M.P.R., M.B.D., and A.A.A. contributed to revisions of the manuscript for critically important intellectual content. All the authors approved this version of the manuscript.
Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Web site (www.jaids.com).
S. A. Sellers and A. Edmonds contributed equally to this work.
