Stephanie Hiser, PT, DPT Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Group, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Amy Toonstra, PT, DPT, CCS Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Group, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Lisa Aronson Friedman, ScM Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Group, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Elizabeth Colantuoni, PhD Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Group, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
Bronwen Connolly, MSc, PhD, MCSP Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom.
Centre of Human and Aerospace Physiological Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Lane Fox Clinical Respiratory Physiology Research Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Dale M. Needham, FCPA, MD, PhD Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS) Group, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument St, 5th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205 (USA). [email protected].
S.H., A.T., E.C., and D.N. contributed to the conception and design of the study. All authors contributed to the analysis and interpretation of data. S.H. drafted the manuscript with the exception of L.F. and E.C. drafting the statistical analysis and sample size justification sections, respectively. All other authors critically revised for important intellectual content. All authors gave final approval of the manuscript version to be published.
The authors have no conflicts of interest and no source of funding to declare.
