From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (Dr. Arshi, Dr. SooHoo), the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL (Dr. Leong), the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Dr. C. Wang, Dr. Buser, Dr. J. C. Wang).
Correspondence to Dr. Arshi: [email protected]
Dr. C. Wang or an immediate family member has received royalties from Aesculap/B.Braun, Amedica, Zimmer Biomet, SeaSpine, and DePuy Synthes; has stock or stock options held in Benvenue, Bone Biologics, Electrocore, Expanding Ortho, Flexuspine, FzioMed, NexGen Healthcare, PearlDiver, Promethean Spine, and Surgitech; and serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of AOSpine International, the Cervical Spine Research Society, and the North American Spine Society. Dr. Buser or an immediate family member serves as a paid consultant to AOSpine and Xenco Medical. Dr. J. C. Wang or an immediate family member has received royalties from Amedica, Zimmer Biomet, SeaSpine, and DePuy Synthes; has stock or stock options held in Benvenue, Bone Biologics, Electrocore, Expanding Ortho, Flexuspine, FzioMed, NexGen Healthcare, Paradigm Spine, PearlDiver, Promethean Spine, and Surgitech and Vertiflex; and serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of AOSpine International, the Cervical Spine Research Society, the North American Spine Foundation, and the North American Spine Society. Dr. SooHoo or an immediate family member serves as a board member, owner, officer, or committee member of the American Foot and Ankle Society. Neither of the following authors nor any immediate family member has received anything of value from or has stock or stock options held in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article: Dr. Arshi and Dr. Leong.
