1Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
2Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
3Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
4Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
5Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
6Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co‐laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism (Ministry of Science and Technology), Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
Funding information Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82003028, 81972666, and 81730045), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M660078, 2020T130109), and the Shanghai Rising-Star Program (19QA1406900).
Abbreviations: 5hmC, 5‐hydroxymethyl cytosine; AHR, aryl hydrocarbon receptor; anti‐PD‐1, anti‐programmed death 1; Bregs, regulatory B cells; CAT, catalase; ChIP, chromatin immunoprecipitation; Co‐IP, coimmunoprecipitation; FFPE, formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded; IF, immunofluorescence; α‐KG, α‐ketoglutarate; KO, knockout; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; MS, mass spectrometry; PD, progressive disease; PD‐1, programmed death 1; PR, partial response; RNA‐seq, RNA‐sequencing; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; TET2, ten‐eleven translocation‐2; TME, tumor microenvironment; Tregs, regulatory T cells; TSS, transcription start site; WT, wild type.
Zhou Lu, Ronghua Liu, Yining Wang, and Mengxia Jiao contributed equally.
Correspondence Jia Fan and Jiabin Cai, Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China. Email: [email protected] and [email protected]Yiwei Chu, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, No. 138, Yi Xue Yuan Road, 226, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China. Email: [email protected]
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