Mengying He, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Management, College of Business & Economics, California State University, Los Angeles. E-mail: [email protected].
Stephen J. O’Connor, PhD, FACHE, is Professor Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Haiyan Qu, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Nir Menachemi, PhD, is Professor and Chair, Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis.
Richard M. Shewchuk, PhD, is Professor Emeritus, Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
