Mengying He, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Management, College of Business & Economics, California State University, Los Angeles. E-mail: mhe15@calstatela.edu.
Stephen J. O'Connor, PhD, FACHE, is Professor, Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Haiyan Qu, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Nir Menachemi, PhD, is Professor and Chair, Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis.
Rodney Tucker, MD, MMM, is Associate Professor and Director, Center for Palliative and Supportive Care, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Richard M. Shewchuk, PhD, is Professor Emeritus, Department of Health Services Administration, School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
The authors have disclosed that they have no significant relationship with, or financial interest in, any commercial companies pertaining to this article.
