Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, and Emergency Medicine, and the Center for Health Systems Effectiveness, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon; and the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California.
Corresponding author: Jonathan M. Snowden, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Mail Code L466, Portland, OR 97209; e-mail: [email protected].
Dr. Snowden and Dr. Caughey are supported by grant R40 MC 25694-01-00 from the Maternal and Child Health Research Program, Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Title V, Social Security Act), Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. Dr. Cheng is supported by the University of California San Francisco Women's Reproductive Health Research Career Development Award, National Institutes of Health, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K12 HD001262). Dr. Darney is supported by an AHRQ postdoctoral award (T32 HS017582).
Financial Disclosure The authors did not report any potential conflicts of interest.
