Sean C. Crumbock, BS, RN, is Registered Nurse, Cardio-Thoracic Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Susan J. Loeb, PhD, RN, is Assistant Professor, School of Nursing; Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine; and Affiliate Faculty Gerontology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Donna M. Fick, PhD, GCNS-BC, FGSA, is Associate Professor, School of Nursing; Department of Psychiatry, Penn State College of Medicine; and Affiliate Faculty Gerontology Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park.
Correspondence to: Susan J. Loeb, PhD, RN, School of Nursing; Department of Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine; and Affiliate Faculty Gerontology Center, 307G/H Health & Human Development East, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 ([email protected]).
Received July 1, 2008; accepted September 17, 2008.