Neurobiology of the Pelvis and Perineum Principles for a Practical Approach

Abstract

A basic comprehension of the neurobiology of the pelvic organs and pelvic floor structures is paramount to the clinical practitioner whose medical or surgical practice involves patients with pelvic disorders. Familiarity with established and evolving scientific principles relating to pelvic neurobiology provides insight into the functional processes and, relatedly, the disturbances of function occurring in the pelvis. For many pelvic conditions, basic concepts of the neuroanatomy and neurochemistry of pelvic functions are well-known, facilitating their common management. Nonetheless, the ongoing accumulation of new information in these scientific fields has contributed toward refining management offerings, while it has also introduced novel approaches to managing even etiologically obscure and clinically problematic pelvic conditions. Improved knowledge in these areas has rapidly influenced clinical management in such areas as sexual dysfunction and pelvic pain syndromes. The advancing knowledge of pelvic neurobiology presumably will continue to offer important clinical applications, improving the accurate diagnosis and effective therapeutic management of many pelvic disease presentations.