aSezione di Igiene, Istituto di Sanità Pubblica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
bDepartment of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal
cMontreal Behavioural Medicine Centre, CIUSSS du Nord-de-l’Île-de-Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
dDipartimento di Chirurgia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
eDepartment of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italia
fHarbin Medical University, Harbin, China
gSchool of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
hDepartment of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
iDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan
jCancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, ISPRO, Florence, Italy
kMedical Informatics Center, Peking University, Peking, China
lDepartamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro
mEPIUnit – Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
nDigestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
oDepartment of Public Health Sciences, Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
pDepartment of Epidemiology and Prevention, Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Center, Moscow, Russia
qEpidemiology Section, Public Health Division, Department of Health of Madrid, Madrid
rCIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid
sThe Research Group in Gene – Environment and Health Interactions (GIIGAS), Leon (Spain), Biomedicine Institute (IBIOMED), University of León
tDepartment of Public Health, Miguel Hernandez University, FISABIO-ISABIAL, Campus San Juan, Alicante, Spain
uDepartment of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
vNutritional Epidemiology Group, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
wDepartment of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
xDigestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
yDepartment of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo
zDepartment of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Centre, New York, New York, USA
aaDepartment of Public and Community Health, School of Health Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens (Greece)
bbDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
ccDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Received 6 April 2020 Accepted 29 May 2020
*Dr. Luca Giraldi and Dr. Jovana Stojanovic contributed equally to the writing of this article.
Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website (www.eurjcancerprev.com).
Correspondence to Roberta Pastorino, PhD, Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy, Tel: +39 6 30154396; e-mail: [email protected]