*Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Visual Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan;
†Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany;
‡Xeno-hoc Company, Tokyo, Japan;
§Tsukazaki Hospital, Himeji, Japan;
¶Department of Technology and Design Thinking for Medicine (DT2M), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan;
║Department of Ophthalmology, University of Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany;
**MVZ ADTC Erkelenz/ Mönchengladbach, Erkelenz, Germany; and
††University of Wuppertal, Department of Health Economics, Wuppertal, Germany.
Correspondence: Sebastian Siebelmann, MD, FEBO, MHBA, MVZ ADTC Erkelenz, Ostpromenade 41, Erkelenz 41812, Germany (e-mail: [email protected]).
Supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (T.H.) and DFG FOR2240 (C.C.).
All authors certify that they have no affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers' bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements) or nonfinancial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge, or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.
Takahiko Hayashi and Rosa M. Iliasian contributed equally to this study.
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study, formal consent is not required.
